Here is an example task 2 question with the key words underlined:
Air traffic is increasingly leading to more noise, pollution and airport construction. One reason for this is the growth in low-cost passenger flights, often to holiday destinations.
Some people say that governments should try to reduce air traffic by taxing it more heavily.
Do you agree or disagree?
Give reasons for your answer and include any relevant examples from your own knowledge and experience.
Here is an example introduction doing three things:
1 - Explaining the topic/ situation
2 - Giving my opinion
3 - Saying what the essay will do (in this case, it will explain the reasons for my opinion)
See if you can match up the underlined words with their synonyms in the title.
(1) As travel around the world increases, and more and more people choose to go abroad for their holidays, the demand for flights, and particularly low-cost flights, rises as a consequence. Unfortunately, this also leads to air and noise pollution and the need for more airports. Some people argue that taxes on flights should be increased in order to reduce the volume of air traffic overall. (2) However, in today's fast-paced society an increase in price probably would make little difference and would not lead to a significant fall in flights. (3) This essay will discuss just some of the reasons why increasing taxes probably would not help solve the issues here.